XEP-0396: Jingle Encrypted Transports - OMEMO

Abstract
Extension for JET introducing OMEMO End-to-End Encrypted Jingle Transports.
Author
Paul Schaub
Copyright
© 1999 – 2020 XMPP Standards Foundation. SEE LEGAL NOTICES.
Status

Deferred

WARNING: This document has been automatically Deferred after 12 months of inactivity in its previous Experimental state. Implementation of the protocol described herein is not recommended for production systems. However, exploratory implementations are encouraged to resume the standards process.
Type
Standards Track
Version
0.2.0 (2018-12-06)
Document Lifecycle
  1. Experimental
  2. Deferred
  3. Proposed
  4. Draft
  5. Final

1. Introduction

Jingle Encrypted Transports (XEP-0391) [1] can be used to utilize different end-to-end encryption methods to secure Jingle Transports, eg. in the context of Jingle File Transfer (XEP-0234) [2]. This document aims to extend Jingle Encrypted Transports (XEP-0391) [1] to allow the use of OMEMO encryption with Jingle transports. To achieve this goal, this protocol extension makes use of OMEMOs KeyTransportElements.

2. Mappings

Conveniently the OMEMO protocol already provides a way to transport key material to another entity. So called KeyTransportElements are basically normal OMEMO MessageElements, but without a payload, so the contained key can be used for something else (see Section 4.6 of XEP-0384). This extension uses the key encrypted in the KeyTransportMessages <key> attribute and initialization vector from the <iv> attribute to secure Jingle Transports. The key corresponds to the Transport Key of XEP-0391, while the iv corresponds to the Initialization Vector. The KeyTransportMessage is the equivalent to the Envelope Element. Note that within the Envelope Element, the Transport Key is encrypted with the OMEMO ratchet.

3. Limitations

Unfortunately OMEMO Encryption (XEP-0384) [3] determines the type of the transported key to be AES-128-GCM-NoPadding, so no other configuration can be used in the context of this extension.

Since OMEMO deviceIds are not bound to XMPP resources, the initiator MUST encrypt the Transport Key for every device of the recipient.

4. Key Transport

In order to transport a key to the responder, the initiator creates a fresh AES-128-GCM-NoPadding Transport Key and Initialization Vector and generates an OMEMO KeyTransportElement from it as described in XEP-0384. This is then added as a child of the JET <security> element. The 'cipher' attribute MUST be set to 'aes-128-gcm-nopadding:0' (see the ciphers section of XEP-0391). The value of the 'type' attribute must be set to the namespace of the used version of XEP-0384 (see Namespace Versioning regarding the possibility of incrementing the version number).

Example 1. Romeo initiates an OMEMO encrypted file offer
<iq from='romeo@montague.example/dr4hcr0st3lup4c'
    id='nzu25s8'
    to='juliet@capulet.example/yn0cl4bnw0yr3vym'
    type='set'>
  <jingle xmlns='urn:xmpp:jingle:1'
          action='session-initiate'
          initiator='romeo@montague.example/dr4hcr0st3lup4c'
          sid='851ba2'>
    <content creator='initiator' name='a-file-offer' senders='initiator'>
      <description xmlns='urn:xmpp:jingle:apps:file-transfer:5'>
        <file>
          <date>1969-07-21T02:56:15Z</date>
          <desc>This is a test. If this were a real file...</desc>
          <media-type>text/plain</media-type>
          <name>test.txt</name>
          <range/>
          <size>6144</size>
          <hash xmlns='urn:xmpp:hashes:2'
                algo='sha-1'>w0mcJylzCn+AfvuGdqkty2+KP48=</hash>
        </file>
      </description>
      <transport xmlns='urn:xmpp:jingle:transports:s5b:1'
                 mode='tcp'
                 sid='vj3hs98y'>
        <candidate cid='hft54dqy'
                   host='192.168.4.1'
                   jid='romeo@montague.example/dr4hcr0st3lup4c'
                   port='5086'
                   priority='8257636'
                   type='direct'/>
      </transport>
      <security xmlns='urn:xmpp:jingle:jet:0'
                name='a-file-offer'
                cipher='urn:xmpp:ciphers:aes-128-gcm-nopadding'
                type='eu.siacs.conversations.axolotl'>
        <encrypted xmlns='eu.siacs.conversations.axolotl'>
          <header sid='27183'>
            <key rid='31415'>BASE64ENCODED...</key>
            <key prekey="true" rid='12321'>BASE64ENCODED...</key>
            <!-- ... -->
            <iv>BASE64ENCODED...</iv>
          </header>
        </encrypted>
      </security>
    </content>
  </jingle>
</iq>

The recipient decrypts the OMEMO KeyTransportElement to retrieve the Transport Secret. Transport Key and Initialization Vector are later used to encrypt/decrypt data as described in Jingle Encrypted Transports (XEP-0391) [1].

5. Determining Support

To advertise its support for JET-OMEMO, when replying to service discovery information ("disco#info") requests an entity MUST return URNs for any version of this extension, as well as of the JET extension that the entity supports -- e.g., "urn:xmpp:jingle:jet-omemo:0" for this version, or "urn:xmpp:jingle:jet:0" for Jingle Encrypted Transports (XEP-0391) [1] (see Namespace Versioning regarding the possibility of incrementing the version number).

Example 2. Service discovery information request
<iq from='romeo@montague.example/dr4hcr0st3lup4c'
    id='uw72g176'
    to='juliet@capulet.example/yn0cl4bnw0yr3vym'
    type='get'>
  <query xmlns='http://jabber.org/protocol/disco#info'/>
</iq>
Example 3. Service discovery information response
<iq from='juliet@capulet.example/yn0cl4bnw0yr3vym'
    id='uw72g176'
    to='romeo@montague.example/dr4hcr0st3lup4c'
    type='result'>
  <query xmlns='http://jabber.org/protocol/disco#info'>
    <feature var='urn:xmpp:jingle:jet:0'/>
    <feature var='urn:xmpp:jingle:jet-omemo:0'/>
  </query>
</iq>

In order for an application to determine whether an entity supports this protocol, where possible it SHOULD use the dynamic, presence-based profile of service discovery defined in Entity Capabilities (XEP-0115) [4]. However, if an application has not received entity capabilities information from an entity, it SHOULD use explicit service discovery instead.


Appendices

Appendix A: Document Information

Series
XEP
Number
0396
Publisher
XMPP Standards Foundation
Status
Deferred
Type
Standards Track
Version
0.2.0
Last Updated
2018-12-06
Approving Body
XMPP Council
Dependencies
XEP-0391, XEP-0234, XEP-0384
Supersedes
None
Superseded By
None
Short Name
jet-omemo
Schema
XML Schema for the 'jingle' namespace: <http://xmpp.org/schemas/jingle.xsd>
XML Schema for the 'jingle:errors' namespace: <http://xmpp.org/schemas/jingle-errors.xsd>
Registry
<http://xmpp.org/registrar/jet-omemo.html>
Source Control
HTML

This document in other formats: XML  PDF

Appendix B: Author Information

Paul Schaub
Email
vanitasvitae@riseup.net
JabberID
vanitasvitae@jabberhead.tk

Copyright

This XMPP Extension Protocol is copyright © 1999 – 2020 by the XMPP Standards Foundation (XSF).

Permissions

Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy of this specification (the "Specification"), to make use of the Specification without restriction, including without limitation the rights to implement the Specification in a software program, deploy the Specification in a network service, and copy, modify, merge, publish, translate, distribute, sublicense, or sell copies of the Specification, and to permit persons to whom the Specification is furnished to do so, subject to the condition that the foregoing copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in all copies or substantial portions of the Specification. Unless separate permission is granted, modified works that are redistributed shall not contain misleading information regarding the authors, title, number, or publisher of the Specification, and shall not claim endorsement of the modified works by the authors, any organization or project to which the authors belong, or the XMPP Standards Foundation.

Disclaimer of Warranty

## NOTE WELL: This Specification is provided on an "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, express or implied, including, without limitation, any warranties or conditions of TITLE, NON-INFRINGEMENT, MERCHANTABILITY, or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. ##

Limitation of Liability

In no event and under no legal theory, whether in tort (including negligence), contract, or otherwise, unless required by applicable law (such as deliberate and grossly negligent acts) or agreed to in writing, shall the XMPP Standards Foundation or any author of this Specification be liable for damages, including any direct, indirect, special, incidental, or consequential damages of any character arising from, out of, or in connection with the Specification or the implementation, deployment, or other use of the Specification (including but not limited to damages for loss of goodwill, work stoppage, computer failure or malfunction, or any and all other commercial damages or losses), even if the XMPP Standards Foundation or such author has been advised of the possibility of such damages.

IPR Conformance

This XMPP Extension Protocol has been contributed in full conformance with the XSF's Intellectual Property Rights Policy (a copy of which can be found at <https://xmpp.org/about/xsf/ipr-policy> or obtained by writing to XMPP Standards Foundation, P.O. Box 787, Parker, CO 80134 USA).

Visual Presentation

The HTML representation (you are looking at) is maintained by the XSF. It is based on the YAML CSS Framework, which is licensed under the terms of the CC-BY-SA 2.0 license.

Appendix D: Relation to XMPP

The Extensible Messaging and Presence Protocol (XMPP) is defined in the XMPP Core (RFC 6120) and XMPP IM (RFC 6121) specifications contributed by the XMPP Standards Foundation to the Internet Standards Process, which is managed by the Internet Engineering Task Force in accordance with RFC 2026. Any protocol defined in this document has been developed outside the Internet Standards Process and is to be understood as an extension to XMPP rather than as an evolution, development, or modification of XMPP itself.

Appendix E: Discussion Venue

There exists a special venue for discussion related to the technology described in this document: the <jingle@xmpp.org> mailing list.

The primary venue for discussion of XMPP Extension Protocols is the <standards@xmpp.org> discussion list.

Discussion on other xmpp.org discussion lists might also be appropriate; see <http://xmpp.org/about/discuss.shtml> for a complete list.

Errata can be sent to <editor@xmpp.org>.

Appendix F: Requirements Conformance

The following requirements keywords as used in this document are to be interpreted as described in RFC 2119: "MUST", "SHALL", "REQUIRED"; "MUST NOT", "SHALL NOT"; "SHOULD", "RECOMMENDED"; "SHOULD NOT", "NOT RECOMMENDED"; "MAY", "OPTIONAL".

Appendix G: Notes

1. XEP-0391: Jingle Encrypted Transports <https://xmpp.org/extensions/xep-0391.html>.

2. XEP-0234: Jingle File Transfer <https://xmpp.org/extensions/xep-0234.html>.

3. XEP-0384: OMEMO Encryption <https://xmpp.org/extensions/xep-0384.html>.

4. XEP-0115: Entity Capabilities <https://xmpp.org/extensions/xep-0115.html>.

Appendix H: Revision History

Note: Older versions of this specification might be available at http://xmpp.org/extensions/attic/

  1. Version 0.2.0 (2018-12-06)
    Defer due to lack of activity.
    XEP Editor (jsc)
  2. Version 0.1 (2017-11-29)

    Accepted by Council as Expremental XEP

    XEP Editor (jwi)
  3. Version 0.0.1 (2017-10-06)

    First draft

    vv

END